Azman is currently the Chairman of Lembaga Tabung Haji, the Chairman of INCEIF University, the Chairman of the Leadership Council of the Malaysian International Islamic Financial Centre, the Chairman of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and the Chairman of the MIFC (Malaysia International Islamic Finance Centre) Leadership Council. From 2004 to 2018, he was the Managing Director of Khazanah Nasional Berhad and was among others, the Founding Chairman or Director of various portfolio companies including Axiata Berhad, Iskandar Investment Berhad, Yayasan Hasanah and Khazanah Research Institute.

His current and recent affiliations include as a member of  the Global Future Council for Investing of the World Economic Forum (Davos), the Steering Committee of the Global Ethical Finance Initiative, Edinburgh, the National Recovery Council for Covid-19 in Malaysia and as the Distinguished Visiting Fellow at the Centre of Development Studies, University of Cambridge (2019-2021).

He career started at Tenaga Nasional Berhad and on to become the Head of Research at UBS and Salamon Smith Barney Malaysia, and was the co-founder of BinaFikir, a boutique financial advisory. Azman graduated with an M.Phil in Development Studies, with distinction, from Cambridge University as a Chevening Scholar, a Diploma in Islamic Studies from International Islamic University Malaysia and is a FCCA and a CFA charterholder.